文字GRE资料：有中国特色的常用词汇
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常用词汇（我从网上收集的）
A.
AA制 Dutch treatment; go Dutch
艾滋病(获得性免疫缺损综合征) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
爱丽舍宫 Elysée Palace
安居工程 Housing Project for low-income families
按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 GNP at factor cost
按揭贷款 mortgage loan
按劳分配 distribution according to one's performance
暗恋 unrequited love; fall in love with someone secretly
暗亏 hidden loss
澳门大三巴牌坊 Ruins of St. Paul
奥姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult
B.
巴黎证券交易所 Paris Bourse
把握大局 grasp the overall situation
白马王子 Prince Charming
白色行情表 white sheet
白色农业 white agriculture (also called "white engineering agriculture" It
refers to microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture.)
白手起家 starting from scratch
白条 IOU note, IOU:债款、债务，由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来白雪公主 Snow
White
摆架子 put on airs
摆谱儿 put on airs; show off; keep up appearances
拜把兄弟 sworn brothers
拜年 pay New Year call
搬迁户 relocated families
半拉子工程 uncompleted project
棒球运动记者 scribe
傍大款 (of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a rich man; lean
on a moneybags
包干到户 work contracted to households
包干制 overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly in kind and
partly in cash
包工包料 contract for labor and materials
保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the
national economy
保持国有股 keep the State-held shares
保健食品 health-care food
保理业务 factoring business
保护性关税 protective tariffs
保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area
保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas
保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings
报国计划的实施 implementation of Dedicator's Project
北欧投资银行 Nordic Investment Bank
本本主义 bookishness
《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica
本垒打 circuit clout, four-master, round trip
本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial
Branches
奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life
笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start.
蹦极 bungee, bungee jumping
避免“大而全”的重复建设 avoid duplicate (duplicated, overlapping)
construction of "small and all inclusive projects"
逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives
比较经济学 comparative economics
比上不足，比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short
of the best, but be better than the worst
闭门羹 given cold-shoulder
边际报酬 marginal return
边缘科学 boundary science
变相涨价 disguised inflation
便携式电脑 portable computer; laptop; notebook computer
标书 bidding documents
表演赛 demonstration match
剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of somebody
博彩（业）lottery industry
博士生 Ph.D candidate
补缺选举 by-election
补贴与反补贴措施 subsidies and countervailing measures
布达拉宫 Potala Palace
布雷顿森林体系 Bretton Woods system
不败记录 clean record, spotless record
不承诺放弃使用武器 not undertake to renounce the use of force
不打不成交 No discord, no concord.
不到长城非好汉 He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.
不分上下的总统选举结果the neck-and-neck presidential election result
《不见不散》 Be there or be square.
不可再生资源 non-renewable resources
不良贷款 non-performing loan
不夜城 sleepless city, ever-bright city
不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency
不准打白条 No illegitimate promissory notes (IOUs)
步行天桥 foot bridge
C.
擦边球 edge ball, touch ball
擦网球 net ball
采取高姿态 show magnanimity
采取市场多元化战略 adopt the strategy of a multi-outlet market
“菜篮子”工程 the "shopping basket' project (program)
参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs
沧海桑田 Seas change into mulberry fields and mulberry fields change into
seas--time brings great changes to the world.
What was once the sea has now changed into mulberry fields--the world is
changing all the time.
仓储式超市 stockroom-style supermarket
草根工业 grass root industry (refers to village and township enterprises
which take root among farmers and grow like wold grass)
层层转包和违法分保 multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting
差额投票 differential voting
差额选举 competitive election
茶道 sado
查房 make/go the rounds of the wards
拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul
拆迁户 households or units relocated due to building demolition
搀水股票 water-down stocks (ordinary stocks that can be bought by persons
inside a stock company or a business at a cost lower that their face value)
禅 dhyana
产粮大省 granary province
产量比1997年增加了2倍 the output has increased 3 times (registered a 3-fold
increase; increased 200%)compared with 1997
产品结构 product mix
产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理 clearly established ownership, well
defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from
administration, and scientific management
产权制度、产权关系 property relations; property order
产销直接挂钩 directly link production with marketing
产业的升级换代 upgrading of industies
产业结构升级 upgrading of an industrial structure
长二捆 LM-2E
长江三角洲 Yangtze River delta
长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共 long-term coexistence, mutual
supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or
woe
长线产品 product in excessive supply
厂长经理负责制 the factory director (manager) responsibility system
畅通工程 "Smooth Traffic Project"
畅销产品 marketable products; products with good market commodities in
short supply goods in great demand.
唱高调 mouth high-sounding words
超高速巨型计算机 giant ultra-high-speed computer
超前消费 overconsuming, excessive consumption
彻头彻尾的反动政治势力an out and out reactionary political force
城市规划 city's landscaping plan; urban planning
城市中年雅皮士 muppie （一批中年专业人士，附庸风雅，矫揉造作cutesification，
崇尚竟品至上boutiqueification，攀比银行存款bankification等摆阔作风，由
middle-aged urban yuppie缩合而成）
城乡信用社 credit corroborative in both urban and rural areas
吃大锅饭 egalitarian practice of "everybody eating from the same big pot"
吃皇粮 receive salaries, subsidies, or other supported from the government
重复建设 building redundant project; duplication of similar projects
抽杀成功 hit through
筹备委员会 preparatory committee
出风头 show off;in the limelight
出口创汇能力 capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports
出口加工区 export processing zones
出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods; export (tax)
rebate
出口退税 refunding export taxes
出口转内销 domestic sales of commodities orginally produced for exports
出家 pravrajana; cloister
传销 multi level marketing
窗口行业 various service trades
创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city
创汇产品 foreign exchange (hard-currency) earning experts
创业园 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park
吹风会 (advanced) briefing
春蕾计划 Spring Buds Program
春运 (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival
《春秋》 Spring and Autumn Annals
磁悬浮列车 Maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic suspension
train
刺激内需 stimulate domestic demand
辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old
year and ring in the new
此地无银三百两 A guilty person gives himself away by consciously protesting
his innocence.
从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy
粗放式管理 extensive management
促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy
促进富余人员合理流动 promote a rational flow of surplus personnel
促进住房商品化 promote the commercialization of housing 存款保证金 guaranty
money for deposits
D.
大包干 all-round responsibility system; lump-sum appropriations operation
达到或接近国际先进水平 reach or approach advanced international standards
打破地区封锁和行业垄断 break regional blockades and trade monopolies
呆帐与坏帐 stagnant debts and bad debts non performing funds
道琼斯工业平均指数飙升至9580点 the Dow Jones industrial index average
soared to 9580 points
当日指数已1120点收盘 the index closed finished ended at 120 on that day
第三产业 third/tertiary industry, service sector, third sequence of
enterprises
第四产业 quaternary/information industry
第一/第二/第三产业 the primary/secondary/tertiary industry (the service
sector)
“豆腐渣”工程 a jerry-built project
东亚金融危机 the southeast Asian Financial crisis (turmoil)
毒品走私 drug trafficking
对大中型国营企业进行公司制改革 to corporatize large and medium-sized State-
owned (state-owned, state) enterprises
E.
厄尔尼诺 El Nino
恶性肿瘤 malignant tumor
恶性循环 vicious circle
遏制通货膨胀 curb (check, curtail) the inflation
F.
法轮功 Falun Gong Cult
发行股票、债券 issue shares and bonds
发扬优良传统 carry forward the fine traditions
发优惠券以促销 issue discount shopping coupons to promote sales
发展文学艺术、新闻出版、广播影视 develop literature, the arts, the press,
publications, radio, film and television; promote literature and art, the
press and publishing, radio, film and television
发展新兴产业和高技术产业 develop rising and high-tech industries
发展畜牧业、养殖业、林业 develop animal husbandry (livestock farming),
aquaculture and forestry
反对铺张浪费 oppose/combat extravagance and waste
反倾销 anti-dumping
防暴警察 riot police
防止经济过热 prevent an overheated economy (overheating of the economy)
防止国有资产流失 prevent the loss (devaluation) of State assets
防止泡沫经济 avoid a bubble economy too many bubbles in economy)
分流下岗人员争取再就业 redirect laid-off workers for reemployment
扶贫、脱贫 poverty reduction and elimination
妇幼保健 maternity and child care
G.
改革开放和现代化建设的总设计师 the chief architect of China's reform,
opening and modernization drive
改进产业结构和产品结构 improve the industrial pattern and product mix
该公司股票已经上市 the stock of the company have been listed (have gone
public, have been launched)
赶上或超过国际先进水平 catch up with or even surpass advanced world levels
高举邓小平理论的伟大旗帜 hold high the greater banner of Deng xiaoping
Theory
各族人民 people of all nationalities (all ethnic groups)
个体户 self-employed households /people
个人所得税 individual income tax
个体工商业者 individual industrialists and businessman
公务员 public servants; civil servants; government functionaries;
government employees
股份合作制 the joint stock cooperative system
股份制 the joint stock system
股票热降温了 the stock craze has abated
股市指数 the stock market (exchange) index
股市指数突破1300点大关 the stock index broke the 1300-poit mark
股指暴跌，跌幅7.8%，以14.3元探底 the index slumped 7.8 percent to 14.3 Yuan
鼓励兼并，规范破产 encourage mergers and standardize bankruptcy procedures
规模经济，减轻就业压力 to ease the pressure of employment (the employment
pressure)
国防科技 defence-related science and technology
国际大都市 cosmopolis
国家指定考试 government-mandated test
国家主席/总理/副总理/国务委员/部长/省长/厅、局长/县长/处长/科长/乡长/村民委
员会主任 president/premier/vice premier/state
councilor/minister/governor/bureau director/county magistrate, county
head/department head/ section chief/ head of the township/ chairman of the
village committee
国家公务员制度 the system of public services
国内生产总值/国民生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product)/ GNP (Gross National
Product)
国事访问 a state visit
恒生指数（香港）宽幅震荡 the Heng Sheng index fluctuated violently
获薄利 earn (make) narrow profits
获厚利 earn (make, reap) substantial profits
H.
海市蜃楼，镜花水月, 无稽之谈 a mare’s nest
海湾战争综合症 the complexities of the Gulf War
函授大学 correspondence university
旱地滑雪场 mock skiing park
汉字处理软件 Chinese character processing software
航母 aircraft carrier
豪赌 unrestrained gambling
好事不出门，恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news
spread far and wide.
好出风头的运动员 exhibitionist, grandstander
好莱坞大片 Hollywood blockbuster
"好球" "Strike"
和服 Kimono
合理引导消费 guide rational consumption
合议庭 collegiate bench
核销 cancel after verification
黑店 gangster inn
黑客 hacker
黑社会 Mafia-style organizations; gangland
宏观调控 macro-control
红包 （中）red paper containing money as a gift, (贬) bribe, kickback
《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone)
红帽子企业 red cap enterprise (refers to the reputation a private
enterprise enjoys by becoming attached to a government department and doing
business in the name of a state-run or collective-run enterprise)
红细胞生成素 Erythropoietin (EPO)
环太平洋地区 Pacific Rim
后防空虚 leave the defense exposed
后台管理 back-stage management
呼啦圈 hu la hoop
胡子工程 long-drawn-out project (a project which takes so long that young
workers become bearded)
虎父无犬子 A wise goose never lays a tame egg.
互动广告 interactive advertisement
户口簿 residence booklet
户口管理制度 domicile system, residence registration system
户主 head of a household
护身法宝 amulet
华表 ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele
华盖 canopy
滑板车 scooter
"坏球" "Ball"
还俗 resume secular life, unfrock
"黄、赌、毒" pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking
黄金时段 prime time
(吃)"皇粮" public grainfunds, goods, etc provided by the government; salary
paid by the state
挥棒 swing
挥棒不中 fan
灰色收入 income from moonlighting
汇丰银行 Hong Kong and Shang Hai Banking Corporation
婚介所 matrimonial agency
婚外恋 extramarital love
活到老，学到老 One is never too old to learn.
火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)
货币化 monetization
货币回笼 withdrawal of currency from circulation
货到付款 cash on delivery
J.
基础设施工程第一期 the first phase of the infrastructure project
积压产品 overstocked commodities (inventories)
缉毒队 narcotics squad
计划生育 family planning (birth control)
积极培育新的经济增长点 actively cultivate new points of economic growth
技术/劳动/资本/知识密集型产业 technology-intensive/labor-intensive/capital-
intensive/knowledge-intensive industries
技术更新/改造 technological updating /renovation
计算机2000年问题 Y2Kproblem
(y for year, k for kilo or thousand)
加强税收政策 tighten tax collection
加强物质文明和精神文明的建设 foster both material progress and cultural and
ethical (cultural and ideological) progress
加强优生、优育 improve prenatal and postnatal care
加速科技成果商品化、产业化进程 accelerate the commercialization and
industrialization of scientific and technological achievements
艰苦创业的精神 the hardworking and enterprising spirit
减轻农民负担 lighten the burden on the peasants (farmers)
建设性战略伙伴关系 a constructive strategic partnership
减员增效 increase efficiency by downsizing staff
解决他们的温饱问题 provide them with adequate food and clothing
解困基金 anti-poverty funds
今年第一季度产量比去年同期增长了12.5% the production increased 12.5%
between January and March compared the corresponding period (the same
time ) last year
金融机构 financial institutions
精兵之路 fewer but better troops
经济发展全球化的趋势 the globalization trend in economic development
经济法制化 to manage economic affairs according to law;
to put economic operation on a legal basis
经济技术开发区 an economic and technological development zone
经济市场化/私有化 the mercerization/privatization of the economy
经济特区 a special economic zone
经济体制改革 economic restructuring
经济萎缩/起飞/兴旺 an economic depression (slump, recession)/an economic
takeoff/an economic boom
经济转轨 switch to a market economy
精简各级政府机构 streamline government departments at all levels
精品 competitive products
竞争意识 competitive spirit
九届二次全国人民代表大会 the second session of the 9th National People's
Congress
就业前和在职培训 pre-employment and on-the-job (in-service) training
纠正行业不正之风 rectify malpractice in various trades
军嫂 military spouse
K.
科技是第一生产力 Science and technology constitute the primary productive
force.
科教兴国战略 the strategy of revitalizing (invigorating) China through
science and education
克隆 clone
扣除通货膨胀因素后的人均实际年收入 the annual per-captia income in real
terms (allowing for inflation )
跨国公司 transnational corporation (transactional, multinational
corporation ,multinational)
扩大/缩小地区发展差距 widen/narrow the gap/disparity between
regions/localities in terms of development
L.
劳务输出 export of labor services
劳务招聘会 a labor fair; a job fair
联防 community/team policing
连续五年丰收 bumper harvests for five consecutive years (for five years in
row for five years running for five years on end for the fifth
consecutive year)
练摊 to be a vendor (do business)
乱收费、乱集资、乱摊派的现象依然很严重 Arbitrary collection of charges,
abuse of fund-raising and unchecked apportionment (arbitrary quotas) are
still rampant.
M.
盲流和倒流人员 jobless migrants from rural areas to cities,
influx from the countryside
美圆对日圆全面升值 the system of pegging the currency to the US dollar
名牌产品 famous-brand products ,brand named product
民族问题 the ethnic minority issue
母公司/子公司/分公司/办事处 the parent
company /subsidiary/branch/branch/representative office
N.
耐用消费品 consumer durables
内耗 in-fighting
农副业产品 agricultural (farm) and sideline products
农村/城市信用合作社 rural/urban credit cooperatives
牛市/熊市 a bull/bear market
O.
欧元 Euro
P.
派出所 local police station
跑龙套 utility man, play a bit role, general handyman
泡沫经济 bubble economy
配股 allotment of shares
配套政策 supporting policies
培养跨世纪人才 bring up (foster) cross-century (trans-century) specialists
棚户 shacks; family that live in shacks
碰钉子 get snubbed
碰头会 brief meeting ( A brief, small-scale, informal meeting with no fixed
agenda, the main purpose of which is to exchange information.)
疲软股票 soft stock
皮包公司 bogus company
啤酒肚 beer belly
票贩子 scalper, ticket tout
票房 box office
骗汇、逃汇、套汇 obtain foreign currency and false pretenses, not turn over
foreign currency owed to the government and illegal arbitrage
拼图 jigsaw
贫富悬殊 polarization of rich and poor
贫铀弹 depleted uranium bomb
平均主义 equalitarianism
平面设计师 graphic designer
评头论足 nit-pick
瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions
扑网(体） rush-up, rushing
普选制 general election system
Q.
妻管严丈夫 hen-pecked husband
取消“大锅饭” give up the practice of "eating from the same big pot"
abolish egalitarianism
取消福利分房 abolish the welfare-oriented distribution (allocation) of
public housing
全球变暖 global warming
全面投产开工 go into (enter ) full operation; be full operation; be fully
operational
拳头产品 knockout product or competitive product
缺少流动资金 a shortage of circulating funds (floating capital)
裙带经济 crony economy
R.
人才 competent people; trained personnel; experts; specialists
人才市场 the personnel market
人均国民生产总值达到中等发达国家水平 The average per-capita GNP will reach
the standard of moderately developed countries.
人民币对美圆汇率稳定 the stability of RMB exchange rate against USD
人民币贬值的压力 the devaluation pressure on RMB
人均住房 per-capita housing
日经指数跌至今年最低点 the Nikkei Index fell to a record low for the year.
融资 financing; fund-raising
S.
三角恋爱 love triangle
三角债 chain debts
三陪服务 escort service
傻瓜相机 Instamatic INSTA(NT)+(AUTO)MATIC
商品房空置的现象 the vacancy problem in commercial housing
商品粮基地 a commodity grain production base
商业银行 commercial banks
上海证券交易所 the Shanghai Securities Exchange
社会生活 social activities
社会治安情况 law-and-order situation
生活物价指数 the cost of living index/the price index
谁控股？ Who holds the controlling shares?
实行董事会领导下的总经理负责制 practice the system of director-general
responsibility under the leadership of board of the bored of directors.
使经济进一步市场化 make the economy more market-oriented
使大中型企业摆脱困境 extricate (free) the large and medium-sized state-
owned enterprises from predicament
实体经济 the real economy
售后服务 after sale service
死胡同 blind alley
私人企业 private enterprises (foreign-funded, foreign financed foreign-
owned) enterprises
T.
提高军队在高科技条件下的作战能力 improve the army combat capabilities under
high-tech conditions
提高综合国力 improve the overall national strength (the overall strength of
the country)
投诉 lodge a complaint, register a beef
投诉热线 dial-a-cheat confidential hotline
投资热点 a region attractive to investors, a much-sought piece of land,
popular investment spot
推进国民经济信息化 try to informationize the national economy
推进政府机构改革 restructure government institutions
脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to
prosperity
W.
外交豁免权 diplomatic immunity
外商独资企业 wholly (solely ) foreign-owned enterprises
外向型经济/城市 an export-oriented economy/a foreign-oriented city, an
international city
外资 overseas investment
外资企业 foreign invested (foreign founded ,foreign financed ,foreign-
owned) enterprises .
X.
下海 go into business
小康水平 the living standards of a fairly comfortable life; a relatively
comfortable standard of living
消除两极分化，最终达到共同富裕 eliminate polarization and ultimately
achieve common prosperity
Y.
沿着有中国特色的社会主义道路阔步前进 take great strides along the road to
socialism with Chinese characteristics
摇头丸 dancing outreach
依法收税 levy taxes according the law
一次付清 pay in full
一次消费 one-time-consumption
一次成像照片 a Polaroid picture
一次偿还信贷 non-installment
一次性杯子 sanitary cup
一次性筷子 disposable chopsticks
一次性收入 lump-sum payment
一次用包装 non-returnable container
一次性汇款 lump-sum payment
一次性拖鞋 disposable slippers
一蹶不振的B股市场 a sluggish B-share market
以经济建设为中心 take economic construction as the central task
隐形就业 unregistered employment; veiled re-employment
隐形眼镜 contact lens
有价证券投资 portfolio investment
拥军优属 preferential treatment for families of servicemen and martyrs
拥有至少50%的股份 hold a minimum of 50% percent of the equity
由于资源不足，必须实施可持续发展战略 We must adopt the strategy of
sustainable development owing to the limited resources.
与国际接轨 be geared to international standards; be brought in line with
international practice (norms)
与美圆的联系汇率 the system of pegging the currency to the U.S. dollar
育龄夫妇 couples of child-bearing age
Z.
增加财政收入 increase the state tax revenue (fiscal revenue)
增殖税 the value-added tax (VAT)
掌上明珠 the apple of one's eye
正常贸易关系 Normal Trade Relations
政策银行 policy bank
政企分开 separate administrative functions from enterprises
management separate administration from management
振兴支柱产业 invigorate pillar industries
振兴中华 the rejuvenation (revitalization) of the Chinese nation
支持强强联合，实现优势互补 support association between strong enterprises
so that they can take advantage of each other's strengths
智囊团、思想库 the brain trust (think tank)
执行通货紧缩政策 pursue a deflationary policy (the policy of deflation)
支援灾区（灾民）；救灾 provide relief to disaster-stricken areas (people)
制约 check and supervision
中共十五大 the 15th National Congress of the CPC
中外合资100强 the top 100 Sino-foreign (Chinese-foreign) joint ventures
重视老龄化问题 attach importance to the problem of population aging (the
aging population)
昼夜服务 round-the-clock service
主体经济 principal sector of the economy; the mainstay of the economy
滞销货 unmarketable (unsalable .poor selling )product
抓大放小 manage large enterprises well while ease control over small ones
总产值创最高历史记录 total output value hit a record high (an all-time
high)
综合指数停止下滑，上升28点，达到671点 the composite stopped the declining
momentum, gaining 28 points to 671
最终实现人民币的自由兑换 the free convertibility of the RMB will evenly be
instituted the RMB will finally become a convertible currency
本文为寄托天下原创，转载请务必说明出处
常用词汇（我从网上收集的）
A.
AA制 Dutch treatment; go Dutch
艾滋病(获得性免疫缺损综合征) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
爱丽舍宫 Elysée Palace
安居工程 Housing Project for low-income families
按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 GNP at factor cost
按揭贷款 mortgage loan
按劳分配 distribution according to one's performance
暗恋 unrequited love; fall in love with someone secretly
暗亏 hidden loss
澳门大三巴牌坊 Ruins of St. Paul
奥姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult
B.
巴黎证券交易所 Paris Bourse
把握大局 grasp the overall situation
白马王子 Prince Charming
白色行情表 white sheet
白色农业 white agriculture (also called "white engineering agriculture" It
refers to microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture.)
白手起家 starting from scratch
白条 IOU note, IOU:债款、债务，由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来白雪公主 Snow
White
摆架子 put on airs
摆谱儿 put on airs; show off; keep up appearances
拜把兄弟 sworn brothers
拜年 pay New Year call
搬迁户 relocated families
半拉子工程 uncompleted project
棒球运动记者 scribe
傍大款 (of a girl) find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a rich man; lean
on a moneybags
包干到户 work contracted to households
包干制 overall rationing system; scheme of payment partly in kind and
partly in cash
包工包料 contract for labor and materials
保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the
national economy
保持国有股 keep the State-held shares
保健食品 health-care food
保理业务 factoring business
保护性关税 protective tariffs
保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone; bonded area
保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas
保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings
报国计划的实施 implementation of Dedicator's Project
北欧投资银行 Nordic Investment Bank
本本主义 bookishness
《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica
本垒打 circuit clout, four-master, round trip
本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial
Branches
奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life
笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start.
蹦极 bungee, bungee jumping
避免“大而全”的重复建设 avoid duplicate (duplicated, overlapping)
construction of "small and all inclusive projects"
逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives
比较经济学 comparative economics
比上不足，比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short
of the best, but be better than the worst
闭门羹 given cold-shoulder
边际报酬 marginal return
边缘科学 boundary science
变相涨价 disguised inflation
便携式电脑 portable computer; laptop; notebook computer
标书 bidding documents
表演赛 demonstration match
剥夺冠军 strip the gold medal of somebody
博彩（业）lottery industry
博士生 Ph.D candidate
补缺选举 by-election
补贴与反补贴措施 subsidies and countervailing measures
布达拉宫 Potala Palace
布雷顿森林体系 Bretton Woods system
不败记录 clean record, spotless record
不承诺放弃使用武器 not undertake to renounce the use of force
不打不成交 No discord, no concord.
不到长城非好汉 He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.
不分上下的总统选举结果the neck-and-neck presidential election result
《不见不散》 Be there or be square.
不可再生资源 non-renewable resources
不良贷款 non-performing loan
不夜城 sleepless city, ever-bright city
不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency
不准打白条 No illegitimate promissory notes (IOUs)
步行天桥 foot bridge
C.
擦边球 edge ball, touch ball
擦网球 net ball
采取高姿态 show magnanimity
采取市场多元化战略 adopt the strategy of a multi-outlet market
“菜篮子”工程 the "shopping basket' project (program)
参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs
沧海桑田 Seas change into mulberry fields and mulberry fields change into
seas--time brings great changes to the world.
What was once the sea has now changed into mulberry fields--the world is
changing all the time.
仓储式超市 stockroom-style supermarket
草根工业 grass root industry (refers to village and township enterprises
which take root among farmers and grow like wold grass)
层层转包和违法分保 multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting
差额投票 differential voting
差额选举 competitive election
茶道 sado
查房 make/go the rounds of the wards
拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul
拆迁户 households or units relocated due to building demolition
搀水股票 water-down stocks (ordinary stocks that can be bought by persons
inside a stock company or a business at a cost lower that their face value)
禅 dhyana
产粮大省 granary province
产量比1997年增加了2倍 the output has increased 3 times (registered a 3-fold
increase; increased 200%)compared with 1997
产品结构 product mix
产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理 clearly established ownership, well
defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from
administration, and scientific management
产权制度、产权关系 property relations; property order
产销直接挂钩 directly link production with marketing
产业的升级换代 upgrading of industies
产业结构升级 upgrading of an industrial structure
长二捆 LM-2E
长江三角洲 Yangtze River delta
长期共存、互相监督、肝胆相照、荣辱与共 long-term coexistence, mutual
supervision, sincere treatment with each other and the sharing of weal or
woe
长线产品 product in excessive supply
厂长经理负责制 the factory director (manager) responsibility system
畅通工程 "Smooth Traffic Project"
畅销产品 marketable products; products with good market commodities in
short supply goods in great demand.
唱高调 mouth high-sounding words
超高速巨型计算机 giant ultra-high-speed computer
超前消费 overconsuming, excessive consumption
彻头彻尾的反动政治势力an out and out reactionary political force
城市规划 city's landscaping plan; urban planning
城市中年雅皮士 muppie （一批中年专业人士，附庸风雅，矫揉造作cutesification，
崇尚竟品至上boutiqueification，攀比银行存款bankification等摆阔作风，由
middle-aged urban yuppie缩合而成）
城乡信用社 credit corroborative in both urban and rural areas
吃大锅饭 egalitarian practice of "everybody eating from the same big pot"
吃皇粮 receive salaries, subsidies, or other supported from the government
重复建设 building redundant project; duplication of similar projects
抽杀成功 hit through
筹备委员会 preparatory committee
出风头 show off;in the limelight
出口创汇能力 capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports
出口加工区 export processing zones
出口退税制度 the system of refunding taxes on exported goods; export (tax)
rebate
出口退税 refunding export taxes
出口转内销 domestic sales of commodities orginally produced for exports
出家 pravrajana; cloister
传销 multi level marketing
窗口行业 various service trades
创建卫生城市：build a nationally advanced clean city
创汇产品 foreign exchange (hard-currency) earning experts
创业园 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park
吹风会 (advanced) briefing
春蕾计划 Spring Buds Program
春运 (passenger) transport during the Spring Festival
《春秋》 Spring and Autumn Annals
磁悬浮列车 Maglev train (magnetically levitated train), magnetic suspension
train
刺激内需 stimulate domestic demand
辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old
year and ring in the new
此地无银三百两 A guilty person gives himself away by consciously protesting
his innocence.
从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy
粗放式管理 extensive management
促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy
促进富余人员合理流动 promote a rational flow of surplus personnel
促进住房商品化 promote the commercialization of housing 存款保证金 guaranty
money for deposits
D.
大包干 all-round responsibility system; lump-sum appropriations operation
达到或接近国际先进水平 reach or approach advanced international standards
打破地区封锁和行业垄断 break regional blockades and trade monopolies
呆帐与坏帐 stagnant debts and bad debts non performing funds
道琼斯工业平均指数飙升至9580点 the Dow Jones industrial index average
soared to 9580 points
当日指数已1120点收盘 the index closed finished ended at 120 on that day
第三产业 third/tertiary industry, service sector, third sequence of
enterprises
第四产业 quaternary/information industry
第一/第二/第三产业 the primary/secondary/tertiary industry (the service
sector)
“豆腐渣”工程 a jerry-built project
东亚金融危机 the southeast Asian Financial crisis (turmoil)
毒品走私 drug trafficking
对大中型国营企业进行公司制改革 to corporatize large and medium-sized State-
owned (state-owned, state) enterprises
E.
厄尔尼诺 El Nino
恶性肿瘤 malignant tumor
恶性循环 vicious circle
遏制通货膨胀 curb (check, curtail) the inflation
F.
法轮功 Falun Gong Cult
发行股票、债券 issue shares and bonds
发扬优良传统 carry forward the fine traditions
发优惠券以促销 issue discount shopping coupons to promote sales
发展文学艺术、新闻出版、广播影视 develop literature, the arts, the press,
publications, radio, film and television; promote literature and art, the
press and publishing, radio, film and television
发展新兴产业和高技术产业 develop rising and high-tech industries
发展畜牧业、养殖业、林业 develop animal husbandry (livestock farming),
aquaculture and forestry
反对铺张浪费 oppose/combat extravagance and waste
反倾销 anti-dumping
防暴警察 riot police
防止经济过热 prevent an overheated economy (overheating of the economy)
防止国有资产流失 prevent the loss (devaluation) of State assets
防止泡沫经济 avoid a bubble economy too many bubbles in economy)
分流下岗人员争取再就业 redirect laid-off workers for reemployment
扶贫、脱贫 poverty reduction and elimination
妇幼保健 maternity and child care
G.
改革开放和现代化建设的总设计师 the chief architect of China's reform,
opening and modernization drive
改进产业结构和产品结构 improve the industrial pattern and product mix
该公司股票已经上市 the stock of the company have been listed (have gone
public, have been launched)
赶上或超过国际先进水平 catch up with or even surpass advanced world levels
高举邓小平理论的伟大旗帜 hold high the greater banner of Deng xiaoping
Theory
各族人民 people of all nationalities (all ethnic groups)
个体户 self-employed households /people
个人所得税 individual income tax
个体工商业者 individual industrialists and businessman
公务员 public servants; civil servants; government functionaries;
government employees
股份合作制 the joint stock cooperative system
股份制 the joint stock system
股票热降温了 the stock craze has abated
股市指数 the stock market (exchange) index
股市指数突破1300点大关 the stock index broke the 1300-poit mark
股指暴跌，跌幅7.8%，以14.3元探底 the index slumped 7.8 percent to 14.3 Yuan
鼓励兼并，规范破产 encourage mergers and standardize bankruptcy procedures
规模经济，减轻就业压力 to ease the pressure of employment (the employment
pressure)
国防科技 defence-related science and technology
国际大都市 cosmopolis
国家指定考试 government-mandated test
国家主席/总理/副总理/国务委员/部长/省长/厅、局长/县长/处长/科长/乡长/村民委
员会主任 president/premier/vice premier/state
councilor/minister/governor/bureau director/county magistrate, county
head/department head/ section chief/ head of the township/ chairman of the
village committee
国家公务员制度 the system of public services
国内生产总值/国民生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product)/ GNP (Gross National
Product)
国事访问 a state visit
恒生指数（香港）宽幅震荡 the Heng Sheng index fluctuated violently
获薄利 earn (make) narrow profits
获厚利 earn (make, reap) substantial profits
H.
海市蜃楼，镜花水月, 无稽之谈 a mare’s nest
海湾战争综合症 the complexities of the Gulf War
函授大学 correspondence university
旱地滑雪场 mock skiing park
汉字处理软件 Chinese character processing software
航母 aircraft carrier
豪赌 unrestrained gambling
好事不出门，恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news
spread far and wide.
好出风头的运动员 exhibitionist, grandstander
好莱坞大片 Hollywood blockbuster
"好球" "Strike"
和服 Kimono
合理引导消费 guide rational consumption
合议庭 collegiate bench
核销 cancel after verification
黑店 gangster inn
黑客 hacker
黑社会 Mafia-style organizations; gangland
宏观调控 macro-control
红包 （中）red paper containing money as a gift, (贬) bribe, kickback
《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone)
红帽子企业 red cap enterprise (refers to the reputation a private
enterprise enjoys by becoming attached to a government department and doing
business in the name of a state-run or collective-run enterprise)
红细胞生成素 Erythropoietin (EPO)
环太平洋地区 Pacific Rim
后防空虚 leave the defense exposed
后台管理 back-stage management
呼啦圈 hu la hoop
胡子工程 long-drawn-out project (a project which takes so long that young
workers become bearded)
虎父无犬子 A wise goose never lays a tame egg.
互动广告 interactive advertisement
户口簿 residence booklet
户口管理制度 domicile system, residence registration system
户主 head of a household
护身法宝 amulet
华表 ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele
华盖 canopy
滑板车 scooter
"坏球" "Ball"
还俗 resume secular life, unfrock
"黄、赌、毒" pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking
黄金时段 prime time
(吃)"皇粮" public grainfunds, goods, etc provided by the government; salary
paid by the state
挥棒 swing
挥棒不中 fan
灰色收入 income from moonlighting
汇丰银行 Hong Kong and Shang Hai Banking Corporation
婚介所 matrimonial agency
婚外恋 extramarital love
活到老，学到老 One is never too old to learn.
火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)
货币化 monetization
货币回笼 withdrawal of currency from circulation
货到付款 cash on delivery
J.
基础设施工程第一期 the first phase of the infrastructure project
积压产品 overstocked commodities (inventories)
缉毒队 narcotics squad
计划生育 family planning (birth control)
积极培育新的经济增长点 actively cultivate new points of economic growth
技术/劳动/资本/知识密集型产业 technology-intensive/labor-intensive/capital-
intensive/knowledge-intensive industries
技术更新/改造 technological updating /renovation
计算机2000年问题 Y2Kproblem
(y for year, k for kilo or thousand)
加强税收政策 tighten tax collection
加强物质文明和精神文明的建设 foster both material progress and cultural and
ethical (cultural and ideological) progress
加强优生、优育 improve prenatal and postnatal care
加速科技成果商品化、产业化进程 accelerate the commercialization and
industrialization of scientific and technological achievements
艰苦创业的精神 the hardworking and enterprising spirit
减轻农民负担 lighten the burden on the peasants (farmers)
建设性战略伙伴关系 a constructive strategic partnership
减员增效 increase efficiency by downsizing staff
解决他们的温饱问题 provide them with adequate food and clothing
解困基金 anti-poverty funds
今年第一季度产量比去年同期增长了12.5% the production increased 12.5%
between January and March compared the corresponding period (the same
time ) last year
金融机构 financial institutions
精兵之路 fewer but better troops
经济发展全球化的趋势 the globalization trend in economic development
经济法制化 to manage economic affairs according to law;
to put economic operation on a legal basis
经济技术开发区 an economic and technological development zone
经济市场化/私有化 the mercerization/privatization of the economy
经济特区 a special economic zone
经济体制改革 economic restructuring
经济萎缩/起飞/兴旺 an economic depression (slump, recession)/an economic
takeoff/an economic boom
经济转轨 switch to a market economy
精简各级政府机构 streamline government departments at all levels
精品 competitive products
竞争意识 competitive spirit
九届二次全国人民代表大会 the second session of the 9th National People's
Congress
就业前和在职培训 pre-employment and on-the-job (in-service) training
纠正行业不正之风 rectify malpractice in various trades
军嫂 military spouse
K.
科技是第一生产力 Science and technology constitute the primary productive
force.
科教兴国战略 the strategy of revitalizing (invigorating) China through
science and education
克隆 clone
扣除通货膨胀因素后的人均实际年收入 the annual per-captia income in real
terms (allowing for inflation )
跨国公司 transnational corporation (transactional, multinational
corporation ,multinational)
扩大/缩小地区发展差距 widen/narrow the gap/disparity between
regions/localities in terms of development
L.
劳务输出 export of labor services
劳务招聘会 a labor fair; a job fair
联防 community/team policing
连续五年丰收 bumper harvests for five consecutive years (for five years in
row for five years running for five years on end for the fifth
consecutive year)
练摊 to be a vendor (do business)
乱收费、乱集资、乱摊派的现象依然很严重 Arbitrary collection of charges,
abuse of fund-raising and unchecked apportionment (arbitrary quotas) are
still rampant.
M.
盲流和倒流人员 jobless migrants from rural areas to cities,
influx from the countryside
美圆对日圆全面升值 the system of pegging the currency to the US dollar
名牌产品 famous-brand products ,brand named product
民族问题 the ethnic minority issue
母公司/子公司/分公司/办事处 the parent
company /subsidiary/branch/branch/representative office
N.
耐用消费品 consumer durables
内耗 in-fighting
农副业产品 agricultural (farm) and sideline products
农村/城市信用合作社 rural/urban credit cooperatives
牛市/熊市 a bull/bear market
O.
欧元 Euro
P.
派出所 local police station
跑龙套 utility man, play a bit role, general handyman
泡沫经济 bubble economy
配股 allotment of shares
配套政策 supporting policies
培养跨世纪人才 bring up (foster) cross-century (trans-century) specialists
棚户 shacks; family that live in shacks
碰钉子 get snubbed
碰头会 brief meeting ( A brief, small-scale, informal meeting with no fixed
agenda, the main purpose of which is to exchange information.)
疲软股票 soft stock
皮包公司 bogus company
啤酒肚 beer belly
票贩子 scalper, ticket tout
票房 box office
骗汇、逃汇、套汇 obtain foreign currency and false pretenses, not turn over
foreign currency owed to the government and illegal arbitrage
拼图 jigsaw
贫富悬殊 polarization of rich and poor
贫铀弹 depleted uranium bomb
平均主义 equalitarianism
平面设计师 graphic designer
评头论足 nit-pick
瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions
扑网(体） rush-up, rushing
普选制 general election system
Q.
妻管严丈夫 hen-pecked husband
取消“大锅饭” give up the practice of "eating from the same big pot"
abolish egalitarianism
取消福利分房 abolish the welfare-oriented distribution (allocation) of
public housing
全球变暖 global warming
全面投产开工 go into (enter ) full operation; be full operation; be fully
operational
拳头产品 knockout product or competitive product
缺少流动资金 a shortage of circulating funds (floating capital)
裙带经济 crony economy
R.
人才 competent people; trained personnel; experts; specialists
人才市场 the personnel market
人均国民生产总值达到中等发达国家水平 The average per-capita GNP will reach
the standard of moderately developed countries.
人民币对美圆汇率稳定 the stability of RMB exchange rate against USD
人民币贬值的压力 the devaluation pressure on RMB
人均住房 per-capita housing
日经指数跌至今年最低点 the Nikkei Index fell to a record low for the year.
融资 financing; fund-raising
S.
三角恋爱 love triangle
三角债 chain debts
三陪服务 escort service
傻瓜相机 Instamatic INSTA(NT)+(AUTO)MATIC
商品房空置的现象 the vacancy problem in commercial housing
商品粮基地 a commodity grain production base
商业银行 commercial banks
上海证券交易所 the Shanghai Securities Exchange
社会生活 social activities
社会治安情况 law-and-order situation
生活物价指数 the cost of living index/the price index
谁控股？ Who holds the controlling shares?
实行董事会领导下的总经理负责制 practice the system of director-general
responsibility under the leadership of board of the bored of directors.
使经济进一步市场化 make the economy more market-oriented
使大中型企业摆脱困境 extricate (free) the large and medium-sized state-
owned enterprises from predicament
实体经济 the real economy
售后服务 after sale service
死胡同 blind alley
私人企业 private enterprises (foreign-funded, foreign financed foreign-
owned) enterprises
T.
提高军队在高科技条件下的作战能力 improve the army combat capabilities under
high-tech conditions
提高综合国力 improve the overall national strength (the overall strength of
the country)
投诉 lodge a complaint, register a beef
投诉热线 dial-a-cheat confidential hotline
投资热点 a region attractive to investors, a much-sought piece of land,
popular investment spot
推进国民经济信息化 try to informationize the national economy
推进政府机构改革 restructure government institutions
脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to
prosperity
W.
外交豁免权 diplomatic immunity
外商独资企业 wholly (solely ) foreign-owned enterprises
外向型经济/城市 an export-oriented economy/a foreign-oriented city, an
international city
外资 overseas investment
外资企业 foreign invested (foreign founded ,foreign financed ,foreign-
owned) enterprises .
X.
下海 go into business
小康水平 the living standards of a fairly comfortable life; a relatively
comfortable standard of living
消除两极分化，最终达到共同富裕 eliminate polarization and ultimately
achieve common prosperity
Y.
沿着有中国特色的社会主义道路阔步前进 take great strides along the road to
socialism with Chinese characteristics
摇头丸 dancing outreach
依法收税 levy taxes according the law
一次付清 pay in full
一次消费 one-time-consumption
一次成像照片 a Polaroid picture
一次偿还信贷 non-installment
一次性杯子 sanitary cup
一次性筷子 disposable chopsticks
一次性收入 lump-sum payment
一次用包装 non-returnable container
一次性汇款 lump-sum payment
一次性拖鞋 disposable slippers
一蹶不振的B股市场 a sluggish B-share market
以经济建设为中心 take economic construction as the central task
隐形就业 unregistered employment; veiled re-employment
隐形眼镜 contact lens
有价证券投资 portfolio investment
拥军优属 preferential treatment for families of servicemen and martyrs
拥有至少50%的股份 hold a minimum of 50% percent of the equity
由于资源不足，必须实施可持续发展战略 We must adopt the strategy of
sustainable development owing to the limited resources.
与国际接轨 be geared to international standards; be brought in line with
international practice (norms)
与美圆的联系汇率 the system of pegging the currency to the U.S. dollar
育龄夫妇 couples of child-bearing age
Z.
增加财政收入 increase the state tax revenue (fiscal revenue)
增殖税 the value-added tax (VAT)
掌上明珠 the apple of one's eye
正常贸易关系 Normal Trade Relations
政策银行 policy bank
政企分开 separate administrative functions from enterprises
management separate administration from management
振兴支柱产业 invigorate pillar industries
振兴中华 the rejuvenation (revitalization) of the Chinese nation
支持强强联合，实现优势互补 support association between strong enterprises
so that they can take advantage of each other's strengths
智囊团、思想库 the brain trust (think tank)
执行通货紧缩政策 pursue a deflationary policy (the policy of deflation)
支援灾区（灾民）；救灾 provide relief to disaster-stricken areas (people)
制约 check and supervision
中共十五大 the 15th National Congress of the CPC
中外合资100强 the top 100 Sino-foreign (Chinese-foreign) joint ventures
重视老龄化问题 attach importance to the problem of population aging (the
aging population)
昼夜服务 round-the-clock service
主体经济 principal sector of the economy; the mainstay of the economy
滞销货 unmarketable (unsalable .poor selling )product
抓大放小 manage large enterprises well while ease control over small ones
总产值创最高历史记录 total output value hit a record high (an all-time
high)
综合指数停止下滑，上升28点，达到671点 the composite stopped the declining
momentum, gaining 28 points to 671
最终实现人民币的自由兑换 the free convertibility of the RMB will evenly be
instituted the RMB will finally become a convertible currency
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